How 2022 shocked, rocked and rolled global markets

‘Traumatic year’
The main market drivers have been the war in Ukraine, combined with rampant inflation as global economies broke out of the pandemic, but China remained shackled by it.
Marc Jones – Trillions of dollars wiped off world stocks, bond market tantrums, whip-sawing currency and commodities and the collapse of a few crypto empires - 2022 has been perhaps the most turbulent year investors have ever seen, and for good reason.

Tallying the final numbers is useful but doesn't even come close to telling the whole story.

Yes, global equities are down US$14 trillion and heading for their second worst year on record, but there have been nearly 300 interest rate hikes and a trio of 10%-plus rallies in that time making the volatility freakish.

The main drivers have been the war in Ukraine, combined with rampant inflation as global economies broke out of the pandemic, but China remained shackled by it.

BONDS

US Treasuries and German bonds, the benchmarks of global borrowing markets and traditional go-to assets in troubled times, lost 16% and 24% respectively in dollar terms.

DoubleLine Capital's Jeffery Gundlach, dubbed the 'Bond King' in the markets, says conditions got so ugly at points that his team found it almost impossible to trade for days at a time.

"There has been a buyer's strike," he said. "And understandably so because prices have just been going down until recently."

Drama kicked in as soon as it became clear that Covid was not going to shutter the global economy again and the world's most influential central bank, the US Federal Reserve, was serious about raising interest rates.

Ten-year Treasury yields jumped to 1.8% from less than 1.5%, knocking 5% off MSCI's world stocks index in January alone.

That yield is now at 3.68%, stocks are down 20% while oil prices surged 80% before giving it all up. The Fed has delivered 400bps of hikes and the European Central Bank a record 250bps, despite saying this time last year it was unlikely to budge.

CURRENCIES

The US dollar this week gave the yen a lift.

In emerging markets, Turkey's inflation and monetary policy problems have cost the lira another 28%, but its stock market is the best performer in the world.

Hard-pressed Egypt devalued its currency more than 36%. Ghana's cedi crashed 60% as it has joined Sri Lanka in default.

Despite being well down from its June highs, Russia's rouble is still the world's second-best performing currency supported by Moscow's capital controls. It was initially smashed after the invasion of Ukraine.

"If you ask me what will happen next year I really couldn't tell you," said Close Brothers Asset Management's chief investment officer Robert Alster, who, like many, also pointed to the pummeling the pound and British bond markets took when the short-lived government of Liz Truss flirted with an unfunded spending splurge.

Ten-year gilt yields soared over 100 bps and the pound lost 9% in a matter of days - moves the scale of which are rare in major markets.

"If you sell it wrong, don't be surprised if it goes down like a cup of cold sick," said veteran CMC Markets' analyst Michael Hewson.

TECH PROBLEMS

The surge in rates has also taken US$3.6 trillion off the tech titans.

Facebook and Tesla have both hemorrhaged more than 60% while Alphabet's Google and Amazon are respectively down 40% and 50%.

Chinese stocks have staged a late rally thanks to signs that its zero-Covid policy's days are numbered but they are still down 25% and emerging market 'hard currency' government debt will notch its first ever back-to-back loss.

Initial public offerings and bond sales have also slumped almost everywhere apart from the Middle East, while commodities have been the best performing asset class for a second consecutive year.

Natural gas' more than 50% rise is the best overall in that group, albeit largely due to the war in Ukraine which had hoisted prices 140% at one point.

Mounting recession worries along with the West’s plan to stop buying Russian oil mean Brent has given back the entire 80% it made in the first quarter, as have wheat and corn.

CRYPTO

The cryptomarket has been even more chaotic. Bitcoin ends 2022 robbed of its cocktail of cheap money and leveraged bets.

The pre-eminent cryptocurrency has lost 60% of its value, while the wider crypto market has shrunk by US$1.4 trillion, squashed by the collapse of Sam Bankman-Fried's FTX empire, Celsius and supposed 'stablecoins' terraUSD and Luna.

"What has gone in global markets this year has been traumatic," said EFG Bank chief economist and ex-deputy governor of Ireland's central bank, Stefan Gerlach.

"But if central banks hadn't underestimated the rise in inflation so dramatically and had to jack up interest rates, it wouldn't have been so catastrophic". - Reuters

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Premier League: Tottenham Hotspur 1 vs 2 Ipswich Town | Manchester United 3 vs 0 Leicester City | Nottingham Forest 1 vs 3 Newcastle | Liverpool 2 vs 0 Aston Villa | Brighton 2 vs 1 Manchester City | Wolves 2 vs 0 Southampton | West Ham 0 vs 0 Everton | Crystal Palace 0 vs 2 Fulham | Brentford 3 vs 2 Bournemouth Katima Mulilo: 21° | 34° Rundu: 20° | 25° Eenhana: 19° | 29° Oshakati: 22° | 30° Ruacana: 20° | 31° Tsumeb: 21° | 30° Otjiwarongo: 18° | 30° Omaruru: 16° | 31° Windhoek: 15° | 28° Gobabis: 16° | 31° Henties Bay: 12° | 19° Wind speed: 26km/h, Wind direction: S, Low tide: 04:05, High tide: 10:43, Low Tide: 17:11, High tide: 23:27 Swakopmund: 14° | 15° Wind speed: 37km/h, Wind direction: SW, Low tide: 04:03, High tide: 10:41, Low Tide: 17:09, High tide: 23:25 Walvis Bay: 12° | 21° Wind speed: 39km/h, Wind direction: SW, Low tide: 04:03, High tide: 10:40, Low Tide: 17:09, High tide: 23:24 Rehoboth: 14° | 30° Mariental: 13° | 30° Keetmanshoop: 10° | 28° Aranos: 14° | 31° Lüderitz: 14° | 24° Ariamsvlei: 11° | 29° Oranjemund: 15° | 20° Luanda: 25° | 26° Gaborone: 18° | 22° Lubumbashi: 16° | 32° Mbabane: 17° | 21° Maseru: 12° | 26° Antananarivo: 15° | 32° Lilongwe: 23° | 34° Maputo: 21° | 29° Windhoek: 15° | 28° Cape Town: 15° | 24° Durban: 18° | 20° Johannesburg: 15° | 20° Dar es Salaam: 25° | 31° Lusaka: 22° | 34° Harare: 21° | 33° Currency: GBP to NAD 22.67 | EUR to NAD 18.84 | CNY to NAD 2.45 | USD to NAD 17.58 | DZD to NAD 0.13 | AOA to NAD 0.02 | BWP to NAD 1.25 | EGP to NAD 0.35 | KES to NAD 0.14 | NGN to NAD 0.01 | ZMW to NAD 0.64 | ZWL to NAD 0.04 | BRL to NAD 3.06 | RUB to NAD 0.18 | INR to NAD 0.21 | USD to DZD 133.12 | USD to AOA 909.05 | USD to BWP 13.4 | USD to EGP 49.25 | USD to KES 129.2 | USD to NGN 1664.84 | USD to ZAR 17.59 | USD to ZMW 27.2 | USD to ZWL 321 | Stock Exchange: JSE All Share Index Same 0 | Namibian Stock Exchange (NSX) Overall Index 1851.79 Down -1.41% | Casablanca Stock Exchange (CSE) MASI 14663.22 Up +1.21% | Egyptian Exchange (EGX) 30 Index 31267.47 Up +0.72% | Botswana Stock Exchange (BSE) DCI Same 0 | NSX: MTC 7.75 SAME | Anirep 8.99 SAME | Capricorn Investment group 17.34 SAME | FirstRand Namibia Ltd 49 DOWN 0.50% | Letshego Holdings (Namibia) Ltd 4.1 UP 2.50% | Namibia Asset Management Ltd 0.7 SAME | Namibia Breweries Ltd 31.49 UP 0.03% | Nictus Holdings - Nam 2.22 SAME | Oryx Properties Ltd 12.1 UP 1.70% | Paratus Namibia Holdings 11.99 SAME | SBN Holdings 8.45 SAME | Trustco Group Holdings Ltd 0.48 SAME | B2Gold Corporation 47.34 DOWN 1.50% | Local Index closed 677.62 UP 0.12% | Overall Index closed 1534.6 DOWN 0.05% | Osino Resources Corp 19.47 DOWN 2.41% | Commodities: Gold US$ 2 684.46/OZ DOWN -0.0083 | Copper US$ 4.30/lb DOWN -0.027 | Zinc US$ 3 003.50/T UP 0.17% | Brent Crude Oil US$ 74.29/BBP DOWN -0.0215 | Platinum US$ 969.80/OZ DOWN -0.0274 Sport results: Premier League: Tottenham Hotspur 1 vs 2 Ipswich Town | Manchester United 3 vs 0 Leicester City | Nottingham Forest 1 vs 3 Newcastle | Liverpool 2 vs 0 Aston Villa | Brighton 2 vs 1 Manchester City | Wolves 2 vs 0 Southampton | West Ham 0 vs 0 Everton | Crystal Palace 0 vs 2 Fulham | Brentford 3 vs 2 Bournemouth Weather: Katima Mulilo: 21° | 34° Rundu: 20° | 25° Eenhana: 19° | 29° Oshakati: 22° | 30° Ruacana: 20° | 31° Tsumeb: 21° | 30° Otjiwarongo: 18° | 30° Omaruru: 16° | 31° Windhoek: 15° | 28° Gobabis: 16° | 31° Henties Bay: 12° | 19° Wind speed: 26km/h, Wind direction: S, Low tide: 04:05, High tide: 10:43, Low Tide: 17:11, High tide: 23:27 Swakopmund: 14° | 15° Wind speed: 37km/h, Wind direction: SW, Low tide: 04:03, High tide: 10:41, Low Tide: 17:09, High tide: 23:25 Walvis Bay: 12° | 21° Wind speed: 39km/h, Wind direction: SW, Low tide: 04:03, High tide: 10:40, Low Tide: 17:09, High tide: 23:24 Rehoboth: 14° | 30° Mariental: 13° | 30° Keetmanshoop: 10° | 28° Aranos: 14° | 31° Lüderitz: 14° | 24° Ariamsvlei: 11° | 29° Oranjemund: 15° | 20° Luanda: 25° | 26° Gaborone: 18° | 22° Lubumbashi: 16° | 32° Mbabane: 17° | 21° Maseru: 12° | 26° Antananarivo: 15° | 32° Lilongwe: 23° | 34° Maputo: 21° | 29° Windhoek: 15° | 28° Cape Town: 15° | 24° Durban: 18° | 20° Johannesburg: 15° | 20° Dar es Salaam: 25° | 31° Lusaka: 22° | 34° Harare: 21° | 33° Economic Indicators: Currency: GBP to NAD 22.67 | EUR to NAD 18.84 | CNY to NAD 2.45 | USD to NAD 17.58 | DZD to NAD 0.13 | AOA to NAD 0.02 | BWP to NAD 1.25 | EGP to NAD 0.35 | KES to NAD 0.14 | NGN to NAD 0.01 | ZMW to NAD 0.64 | ZWL to NAD 0.04 | BRL to NAD 3.06 | RUB to NAD 0.18 | INR to NAD 0.21 | USD to DZD 133.12 | USD to AOA 909.05 | USD to BWP 13.4 | USD to EGP 49.25 | USD to KES 129.2 | USD to NGN 1664.84 | USD to ZAR 17.59 | USD to ZMW 27.2 | USD to ZWL 321 | Stock Exchange: JSE All Share Index Same 0 | Namibian Stock Exchange (NSX) Overall Index 1851.79 Down -1.41% | Casablanca Stock Exchange (CSE) MASI 14663.22 Up +1.21% | Egyptian Exchange (EGX) 30 Index 31267.47 Up +0.72% | Botswana Stock Exchange (BSE) DCI Same 0 | NSX: MTC 7.75 SAME | Anirep 8.99 SAME | Capricorn Investment group 17.34 SAME | FirstRand Namibia Ltd 49 DOWN 0.50% | Letshego Holdings (Namibia) Ltd 4.1 UP 2.50% | Namibia Asset Management Ltd 0.7 SAME | Namibia Breweries Ltd 31.49 UP 0.03% | Nictus Holdings - Nam 2.22 SAME | Oryx Properties Ltd 12.1 UP 1.70% | Paratus Namibia Holdings 11.99 SAME | SBN Holdings 8.45 SAME | Trustco Group Holdings Ltd 0.48 SAME | B2Gold Corporation 47.34 DOWN 1.50% | Local Index closed 677.62 UP 0.12% | Overall Index closed 1534.6 DOWN 0.05% | Osino Resources Corp 19.47 DOWN 2.41% | Commodities: Gold US$ 2 684.46/OZ DOWN -0.0083 | Copper US$ 4.30/lb DOWN -0.027 | Zinc US$ 3 003.50/T UP 0.17% | Brent Crude Oil US$ 74.29/BBP DOWN -0.0215 | Platinum US$ 969.80/OZ DOWN -0.0274